随着时代的迅猛发展，java编程语言的应用变得愈加广泛。今天主要为大家介绍一下，java发送http的方式有哪一些，并且为大家展示一些实例。
首先，为大家大致地介绍一下，java发送http的方式主要有HttpURLConnection，URLConnection，HttpClient以及Socket这四种，接下来会通过代码详细解析这几种方式，并简单介绍它们。
第一种是：HttpURLConnection
它是使用JDK原生提供net，无需其他jar包;
同时它也是URLConnection的子类，可以提供更多的方法，使用更方便。实例如下：
package httpURLConnection;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class HttpURLConnectionHelper
{
public static String sendRequest(String urlParam, String requestType)
{
HttpURLConnection con = null;
BufferedReader buffer = null;
StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;
try
{
URL url = new URL(urlParam);
//得到连接对象
con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//设置请求类型
con.setRequestMethod(requestType);
//设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=GBK");
//允许写出
con.setDoOutput(true);
//允许读入
con.setDoInput(true);
//不使用缓存
con.setUseCaches(false);
//得到响应码
int responseCode = con.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)
{
//得到响应流
InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();
//将响应流转换成字符串
resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line;
buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK"));
while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null)
{
resultBuffer.append(line);
}
return resultBuffer.toString();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String url = "http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendRequest(url, "POST"));
}
}第二种是：URLConnection
它也是使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包;同样情况下，建议使用HttpURLConnection。实例如下：
package uRLConnection;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
public class URLConnectionHelper
{
public static String sendRequest(String urlParam)
{
URLConnection con = null;
BufferedReader buffer = null;
StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;
try
{
URL url = new URL(urlParam);
con = url.openConnection();
//设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=GBK");
//允许写出
con.setDoOutput(true);
//允许读入
con.setDoInput(true);
//不使用缓存
con.setUseCaches(false);
//得到响应流
InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();
//将响应流转换成字符串
resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line;
buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK"));
while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null)
{
resultBuffer.append(line);
}
return resultBuffer.toString();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String url = "http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendRequest(url));
}
}第三种是：HttpClient
它的使用更加方便，受众更加广泛，但依赖于第三方jar包，相关maven依赖如下：
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId> <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency
package httpClient;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
public class HttpClientHelper
{
public static String sendPost(String urlParam) throws HttpException, IOException
{
// 创建httpClient实例对象
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
// 设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager()
.getParams()
.setConnectionTimeout(15000);
// 创建post请求方法实例对象
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(urlParam);
// 设置post请求超时时间
postMethod.getParams()
.setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000);
postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
String result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
postMethod.releaseConnection();
return result;
}
public static String sendGet(String urlParam) throws HttpException, IOException
{
// 创建httpClient实例对象
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
// 设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager()
.getParams()
.setConnectionTimeout(15000);
// 创建GET请求方法实例对象
GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(urlParam);
// 设置post请求超时时间
getMethod.getParams()
.setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000);
getMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);
String result = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
getMethod.releaseConnection();
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws HttpException, IOException
{
String url = "http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendPost(url));
System.out.println(sendGet(url));
}
}第四种是：Socket
它也是使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包;但是它使用起来有点麻烦。实例如下：
package socket;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
public class SocketForHttpTest
{
private int port;
private String host;
private Socket socket;
private BufferedReader bufferedReader;
private BufferedWriter bufferedWriter;
public SocketForHttpTest(String host, int port) throws Exception
{
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
/**
* http协议
*/
// socket = new Socket(this.host, this.port);
/**
* https协议
*/
socket = (SSLSocket)((SSLSocketFactory) SSLSocketFactory.getDefault())
.createSocket(this.host, this.port);
}
public void sendGet() throws IOException
{
//String requestUrlPath = "/z69183787/article/details/17580325";
String requestUrlPath = "/";
OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);
bufferedWriter.write("GET " + requestUrlPath + " HTTP/1.1\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Host: " + this.host + "\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.flush();
BufferedInputStream streamReader = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(streamReader, "utf-8"));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null)
{
System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
socket.close();
}
public void sendPost() throws IOException
{
String path = "/";
String data = URLEncoder.encode("name", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("张三", "utf-8") + "&" +
URLEncoder.encode("age", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("32", "utf-8");
// String data = "name=zhigang_jia";
System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>" + data);
OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);
bufferedWriter.write("POST " + path + " HTTP/1.1\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Host: " + this.host + "\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Length: " + data.length() + "\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write(data);
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.flush();
BufferedInputStream streamReader = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(streamReader, "utf-8"));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null)
{
System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
socket.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
/**
* http协议测试
*/
//SocketForHttpTest forHttpTest = new SocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com", 80);
/**
* https协议测试
*/
SocketForHttpTest forHttpTest = new SocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com", 443);
try
{
forHttpTest.sendGet();
// forHttpTest.sendPost();
}
catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}以上就是关于java发送http的几种方式了。想要了解更多java入门知识，敬请关注奇Q工具网。
推荐阅读：