dubbo是一款微服务开发框架，它提供了RPC通信与微服务治理两大关键能力，因此dubbo也越来越深受各大公司的青睐，那dubbo怎么写?下面来我们就来给大家讲解一下dubbo入门教程。
安装zookeeper
1.解压zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz,将/conf/zoo_sample.cfg修改为zoo.cfg,修改配置文件
2.双击启动zookeeper
创建工程B
新建B工程Maven项目
导入依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>io.menm91</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-b</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>io.menm91</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-b-api</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <!-- dubbo采用spring配置方式，所以需要导入spring容器依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.6.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId> <version>2.5.3</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <!-- 排除传递spring依赖 --> <artifactId>spring</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <!-- 导入zookeeper依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.3.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>0.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <configuration> <port>8081</port> <path>/</path> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
配置log4j文件
log4j.rootLogger = DEBUG, A1
log4j.appender.A1 = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A1.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern = % -d
{
yyyy - MM - dd HH: mm: ss, SSS
} [ % t][ % c] - [ % p] % m % n创建B-API工程
新建B-API工程MAVEN项目
新建User类
package io.menm91.bean;
//使用dubbo要求传输的对象必须实现序列化接口
public class User implements java.io.Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2668999087589887337 L;
private Long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer age;
public Long getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername()
{
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username)
{
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword()
{
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password)
{
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getAge()
{
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age)
{
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
return "User [username=" + username + ", age=" + age + "]";
}
}创建UserService(接口)提供查询服务
package io.menm91.service;
import io.menm91.bean.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserService
{
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
public List < User > queryAll();
}导入B-API工程的依赖
创建UserServiceImpl实现类
package io.menm91.service.impl;
import io.menm91.bean.User;
import io.menm91.service.UserService;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService
{
/**
* 这里通过模拟查询数据库返回用户信息
*/
public List < User > queryAll()
{
List < User > list = new ArrayList < User > ();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
User user = new User();
user.setAge(10 + i);
user.setId(Long.valueOf(i + 1));
user.setPassword("123456");
user.setUsername("username_" + i);
list.add(user);
}
return list;
}
}编写dubbo配置文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 --> <dubbo:application name="dubbo-b-server" /> <!-- 这里使用的注册中心是zookeeper --> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" client="zkclient" /> <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 --> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /> <!-- 将该接口暴露到dubbo中 --> <dubbo:service interface="io.menm91.service.UserService" ref="userServiceImpl" /> <!-- 将具体的实现类加入到Spring容器中 --> <bean id="userServiceImpl" class="io.menm91.service.impl.UserServiceImpl" /> </beans>
编写web.xml文件
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>dubbo-b</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:dubbo/dubbo-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--Spring的ApplicationContext 载入 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
启动tomcat
搭建A系统MAVEN项目
创建A系统maven项目
导入依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>io.menm91</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-a</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>io.menm91</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-b-api</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <!-- dubbo采用spring配置方式，所以需要导入spring容器依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.6.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId> <version>2.5.3</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <!-- 排除传递spring依赖 --> <artifactId>spring</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.3.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
配置log4j.properties文件
log4j.rootLogger = DEBUG, A1
log4j.appender.A1 = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A1.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern = % -d
{
yyyy - MM - dd HH: mm: ss, SSS
} [ % t][ % c] - [ % p] % m % n编写dubbo配置文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 --> <dubbo:application name="dubbo-a-consumer" /> <!-- 这里使用的注册中心是zookeeper --> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" client="zkclient" /> <!-- 从注册中心中查找服务 --> <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="io.menm91.service.UserService" /> </beans>
编写UserServiceTest测试类
package io.menm91.service;
import io.menm91.bean.User;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class UserServiceTest
{
private UserService userService;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception
{
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"classpath:dubbo/dubbo-*.xml");
userService = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
}
@Test
public void testQueryAll()
{
List < User > userList = userService.queryAll();
for (User user: userList)
{
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
}
}查看输出结果
其实Dubbo是一款高性能、轻量级的开源Java RPC框架，有着非常广泛的应用，在开发中也是经常会使用到的一种框架，因此我们掌握好Dubbo的入门非常重要!最后大家如果想要了解更多java架构师知识，敬请关注奇Q工具网。
推荐阅读：