一个简单的java程序如何编写?Java简易计算器程序编写

将java学会之后,我们就可以用java开发一些项目,毕竟在企业中,java也是做项目为主,那我们要如何编写一个简单的java程序呢?下面来我们就来给大家讲解一下Java简易计算器程序编写。

编写一个模拟计算器的应用程序,使用面板和网格布局, 添加一个文本框,10个数字按钮(0~9),4个加减乘除按钮, 一个等号按钮,一个清除按钮,一个求平方根按钮,一个退格按钮, 要求将计算公式和结果显示在文本框中,实现效果如下图所示。

Java简易计算器代码:

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.awt.Color;
public class Ex5_2 extends JFrame implements ActionListener
{
    private JPanel p1 = new JPanel(); //创建面板
    private JPanel p2 = new JPanel();
    private JTextField t1; //文本框1用来显示输入信息
    private JTextField t2; //文本框2用来显示结果信息
    private JLabel label; //标签信息
    StringBuffer str; //显示屏所显示的字符串
    double x, y; //x和y都是运算数
    int z; //Z表示单击了那一个运算符.0表示"+",1表示"-",2表示"*",3表示"/"
    private JButton b[] = new JButton[12]; //创建一个有12个按钮的数组
    private JButton b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8; //算术功能按钮
    public Ex5_2()
    {
        super("简易计算器"); //窗口名称
        Container c = getContentPane(); //创建内容面板对象
        t1 = new JTextField(30);
        t1.setEditable(false); //只能显示,不能编辑
        t2 = new JTextField(30);
        t2.setEditable(false); //只能显示,不能编辑
        label = new JLabel("欢迎使用小巫版计算器^_^o~ 努力!");
        label.setForeground(Color.blue);
        //创建一个空字符串缓冲区
        str = new StringBuffer();
        p2.add(label); //添加标签到面板
        p2.add(t2); //添加文本框到面板
        p2.add(t1); //添加文本框到面板
        p2.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 1)); //把面扳布局为4行1列
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) //分别为数组中0~9号的按钮设置标签,并注册监听器
        {
            String s = "" + i;
            b[i] = new JButton(s);
            b[i].addActionListener(this);
        }
        //实例化各个按钮
        b[10] = new JButton("-/+");
        b[11] = new JButton(".");
        b1 = new JButton("/");
        b2 = new JButton("Back");
        b3 = new JButton("*");
        b4 = new JButton("C");
        b5 = new JButton("+");
        b6 = new JButton("Sqrt");
        b7 = new JButton("-");
        b8 = new JButton("=");
        //设置按钮前景色
        for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
        {
            b[i].setForeground(Color.blue);
        }
        b1.setForeground(Color.red);
        b3.setForeground(Color.red);
        b5.setForeground(Color.red);
        b7.setForeground(Color.red);
        b2.setForeground(Color.blue);
        b4.setForeground(Color.blue);
        b6.setForeground(Color.red);
        b8.setForeground(Color.blue);
        //添加到面板
        p1.add(b[7]);
        p1.add(b[8]);
        p1.add(b[9]);
        p1.add(b1);
        p1.add(b2);
        p1.add(b[4]);
        p1.add(b[5]);
        p1.add(b[6]);
        p1.add(b3);
        p1.add(b4);
        p1.add(b[1]);
        p1.add(b[2]);
        p1.add(b[3]);
        p1.add(b5);
        p1.add(b6);
        p1.add(b[0]);
        p1.add(b[10]);
        p1.add(b[11]);
        p1.add(b7);
        p1.add(b8);
        p1.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 5, 5, 5));
        //注册监听器
        b[10].addActionListener(this);
        b[11].addActionListener(this);
        b1.addActionListener(this);
        b2.addActionListener(this);
        b3.addActionListener(this);
        b4.addActionListener(this);
        b5.addActionListener(this);
        b6.addActionListener(this);
        b7.addActionListener(this);
        b8.addActionListener(this);
        //将面板添加到内容面板
        c.add(p2);
        c.add(p1);
        c.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //设置为顺序布局
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //设置窗口关闭动作
        setVisible(true); //设置为可见
        setResizable(false); //禁止调整框架大小
        setSize(400, 300); //设置窗口大小
    }
    //主方法实现创建一个窗口
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Ex5_2 f = new Ex5_2();
    }
    //按钮的事件处理
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
    {
        try
        {
            if (e.getSource() == b4) //选择"C"清零
            {
                t1.setText("0"); //把文本框清零
                t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); //文本对齐右边
                str.setLength(0); //清空字符串缓冲区以准备接收新的输入运算数
            }
            else if (e.getSource() == b[10]) //单击"+/-"选择输入的运算数是正数还是负数
            {
                x = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                    .trim()); //trim函数作用是去掉字符串中的空格
                t1.setText("" + (-x));
                t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
            }
            else if (e.getSource() == b5) //单击加号按钮获得x的值和z的值并清空y的值
            {
                x = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                    .trim());
                str.setLength(0);
                y = 0 d;
                z = 0;
            }
            else if (e.getSource() == b7) //单击减号按钮获得x的值和z的值并清空y的值
            {
                x = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                    .trim());
                str.setLength(0);
                y = 0 d;
                z = 1;
            }
            else if (e.getSource() == b3) //单击乘号按钮获得x的值和z的值并清空y的值
            {
                x = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                    .trim());
                str.setLength(0);
                y = 0 d;
                z = 2;
            }
            else if (e.getSource() == b1) //单击除号按钮获得x的值和z的值并清空y的值
            {
                x = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                    .trim());
                str.setLength(0);
                y = 0 d;
                z = 3;
            }
            else if (e.getSource() == b8) //单击等号按钮输出计算结果
            {
                str.setLength(0);
                switch (z)
                {
                case 0:
                    t1.setText("" + (x + y));
                    t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                    break;
                case 1:
                    t1.setText("" + (x - y));
                    t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    t1.setText("" + (x * y));
                    t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    t1.setText("" + (x / y));
                    t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                    break;
                }
            }
            else if (e.getSource() == b[11]) //单击"."按钮输入小数
            {
                if (t1.getText()
                    .trim()
                    .indexOf('.') != -1) //判断字符串中是否已经包含了小数点
                {}
                else //如果没有小数点
                {
                    if (t1.getText()
                        .trim()
                        .equals("0")) //如果初时显示为0
                    {
                        t1.setText(str.append(e.getActionCommand())
                            .toString());
                        t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                    }
                    else if (t1.getText()
                        .trim()
                        .equals("")) //如果初时显示为空则不做任何操作
                    {}
                    else
                    {
                        t1.setText(str.append(e.getActionCommand())
                            .toString());
                        t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                    }
                }
                y = 0 d;
            }
            else if (e.getSource() == b6) //求平方根
            {
                x = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                    .trim());
                if (x < 0)
                {
                    t1.setText("数字格式异常");
                    t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                }
                else
                {
                    t1.setText("" + Math.sqrt(x));
                    t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                }
                str.setLength(0);
                y = 0 d;
            }
            else
            {
                if (e.getSource() == b[0]) //如果选择的是"0"这个数字键
                {
                    if (t1.getText()
                        .trim()
                        .equals("0")) //如果显示屏显示的为零不做操作
                    {}
                    else
                        t1.setText(str.append(e.getActionCommand())
                            .toString());
                    t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                    y = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                        .trim());
                }
                else if (e.getSource() == b2) //选择的是back键
                {
                    if (!t1.getText()
                        .trim()
                        .equals("0")) //如果显示屏显示的不是零
                    {
                        if (str.length() != 1)
                        {
                            t1.setText(str.delete(str.length() - 1, str.length())
                                .toString()); //可能抛出字符串越界异常
                            t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            t1.setText("0");
                            t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                            str.setLength(0);
                        }
                    }
                    y = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                        .trim());
                }
                else
                {
                    t1.setText(str.append(e.getActionCommand())
                        .toString());
                    t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
                    y = Double.parseDouble(t1.getText()
                        .trim());
                }
            }
        }
        catch (NumberFormatException e1)
        {
            t1.setText("数字格式异常");
            t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        }
        catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e1)
        {
            t1.setText("字符串索引越界");
            t1.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        }
    }
}

运行效果图:

一个简单的java程序如何编写?Java简易计算器程序编写.jpg

一个Java简易计算器程序设计就这么完成了,这只是一个简易的计算器代码编写,当然我们也可以利用java开发一些复杂的项目,这就需要大家有更多的技能了!最后大家如果想要了解更多java实战知识,敬请关注奇Q工具网。

推荐阅读:

java程序写好后怎么输入运行?java程序完整步骤

java泛型类如何取得泛型?java泛型怎么使用?

java面试多少分钟?java常见面试题分享