对于刚学java的初学者而言，需要进行一些项目锻炼巩固知识，并且提高自己的java技能，那java初学者练手项目有哪些?下面来我们就来给大家讲解一下java初学者练手项目之超级玛丽实操。
主要设计
1、游戏背景的设计
2、地图的显示
3、台阶的显示
4、游戏物品的显示
5、超级玛丽的设计，左右移动能力、跳动能力
6、小怪的设计，包含出现的地点、杀伤功能、跳动能力
7、游戏的分数系统设计
8、地图变动功能
9、射击功能
10、游戏采用多线程技术
11、背景音乐设计
代码实现
游戏主界面
public class MyFrame extends JFrame implements KeyListener, Runnable
{
//用于存储所有的背景
private List < BackGround > allBg = new ArrayList < > ();
//用于存储当前的背景
private BackGround nowBg = new BackGround();
//用于双缓存
private Image offScreenImage = null;
//马里奥对象
private Mario mario = new Mario();
//定义一个线程对象,用于实现马里奥的运动
private Thread thread = new Thread(this);
public MyFrame()
{
//设置窗口的大小为800 * 600
this.setSize(800, 600);
//设置窗口居中显示
this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
//设置窗口的可见性
this.setVisible(true);
//设置点击窗口上的关闭键,结束程序
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//设置窗口大小不可变
this.setResizable(false);
//向窗口对象添加键盘监听器
this.addKeyListener(this);
//设置窗口名称
this.setTitle("超级玛丽");
//初始化图片
StaticValue.init();
//初始化马里奥
mario = new Mario(10, 355);
//创建全部的场景
for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
{
allBg.add(new BackGround(i, i == 3 ? true : false));
}
//将第一个场景设置为当前场景
nowBg = allBg.get(0);
mario.setBackGround(nowBg);
//绘制图像
repaint();
thread.start();
try
{
new Music();
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch (Exception e)
{}
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
if (offScreenImage == null)
{
offScreenImage = createImage(800, 600);
}
Graphics graphics = offScreenImage.getGraphics();
graphics.fillRect(0, 0, 800, 600);
//绘制背景
graphics.drawImage(nowBg.getBgImage(), 0, 0, this);
//绘制敌人
for (Enemy e: nowBg.getEnemyList())
{
graphics.drawImage(e.getShow(), e.getX(), e.getY(), this);
}
//绘制障碍物
for (Obstacle ob: nowBg.getObstacleList())
{
graphics.drawImage(ob.getShow(), ob.getX(), ob.getY(), this);
}
//绘制城堡
graphics.drawImage(nowBg.getTower(), 620, 270, this);
//绘制旗杆
graphics.drawImage(nowBg.getGan(), 500, 220, this);
//绘制马里奥
graphics.drawImage(mario.getShow(), mario.getX(), mario.getY(), this);
//添加分数
Color c = graphics.getColor();
graphics.setColor(Color.BLACK);
graphics.setFont(new Font("黑体", Font.BOLD, 25));
graphics.drawString("当前的分数为: " + mario.getScore(), 300, 100);
graphics.setColor(c);
//将图像绘制到窗口中
g.drawImage(offScreenImage, 0, 0, this);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e)
{}
//当键盘按下按键时调用
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e)
{
//向右移动
if (e.getKeyCode() == 39)
{
mario.rightMove();
}
//向左移动
if (e.getKeyCode() == 37)
{
mario.leftMove();
}
//跳跃
if (e.getKeyCode() == 38)
{
mario.jump();
}
}
//当键盘松开按键时调用
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e)
{
//想左停止
if (e.getKeyCode() == 37)
{
mario.leftStop();
}
//向右停止
if (e.getKeyCode() == 39)
{
mario.rightStop();
}
}
@Override
public void run()
{
while (true)
{
repaint();
try
{
Thread.sleep(50);
if (mario.getX() >= 775)
{
nowBg = allBg.get(nowBg.getSort());
mario.setBackGround(nowBg);
mario.setX(10);
mario.setY(355);
}
//判断马里奥是否死亡
if (mario.isDeath())
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "马里奥死亡!!!");
System.exit(0);
}
//判断游戏是否结束
if (mario.isOK())
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "恭喜你!成功通关了");
System.exit(0);
}
}
catch (InterruptedException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}马里奥
public class Mario implements Runnable
{
//用于表示横纵坐标
private int x;
private int y;
//用于表示当前的状态
private String status;
//用于显示当前状态对应的图像
private BufferedImage show = null;
//定义一个BackGround对象,用来获取障碍物的信息
private BackGround backGround = new BackGround();
//用来实现马里奥的动作
private Thread thread = null;
//马里奥的移动速度
private int xSpeed;
//马里奥的跳跃速度
private int ySpeed;
//定义一个索引
private int index;
//表示马里奥上升的时间
private int upTime = 0;
//用于判断马里奥是否走到了城堡的门口
private boolean isOK;
//用于判断马里奥是否死亡
private boolean isDeath = false;
//表示分数
private int score = 0;
public Mario()
{}
public Mario(int x, int y)
{
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
show = StaticValue.stand_R;
this.status = "stand--right";
thread = new Thread(this);
thread.start();
}
//马里奥的死亡方法
public void death()
{
isDeath = true;
}
//马里奥向左移动
public void leftMove()
{
//改变速度
xSpeed = -5;
//判断马里奥是否碰到旗子
if (backGround.isReach())
{
xSpeed = 0;
}
//判断马里奥是否处于空中
if (status.indexOf("jump") != -1)
{
status = "jump--left";
}
else
{
status = "move--left";
}
}
//马里奥向右移动
public void rightMove()
{
xSpeed = 5;
//判断马里奥是否碰到旗子
if (backGround.isReach())
{
xSpeed = 0;
}
if (status.indexOf("jump") != -1)
{
status = "jump--right";
}
else
{
status = "move--right";
}
}
//马里奥向左停止
public void leftStop()
{
xSpeed = 0;
if (status.indexOf("jump") != -1)
{
status = "jump--left";
}
else
{
status = "stop--left";
}
}
//马里奥向右停止
public void rightStop()
{
xSpeed = 0;
if (status.indexOf("jump") != -1)
{
status = "jump--right";
}
else
{
status = "stop--right";
}
}
//马里奥跳跃
public void jump()
{
if (status.indexOf("jump") == -1)
{
if (status.indexOf("left") != -1)
{
status = "jump--left";
}
else
{
status = "jump--right";
}
ySpeed = -10;
upTime = 7;
}
//判断马里奥是否碰到旗子
if (backGround.isReach())
{
ySpeed = 0;
}
}
//马里奥下落
public void fall()
{
if (status.indexOf("left") != -1)
{
status = "jump--left";
}
else
{
status = "jump--right";
}
ySpeed = 10;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
while (true)
{
//判断是否处于障碍物上
boolean onObstacle = false;
//判断是否可以往右走
boolean canRight = true;
//判断是否可以往左走
boolean canLeft = true;
//判断马里奥是否到达旗杆位置
if (backGround.isFlag() && this.x >= 500)
{
this.backGround.setReach(true);
//判断旗子是否下落完成
if (this.backGround.isBase())
{
status = "move--right";
if (x < 690)
{
x += 5;
}
else
{
isOK = true;
}
}
else
{
if (y < 395)
{
xSpeed = 0;
this.y += 5;
status = "jump--right";
}
if (y > 395)
{
this.y = 395;
status = "stop--right";
}
}
}
else
{
//遍历当前场景里所有的障碍物
for (int i = 0; i < backGround.getObstacleList()
.size(); i++)
{
Obstacle ob = backGround.getObstacleList()
.get(i);
//判断马里奥是否位于障碍物上
if (ob.getY() == this.y + 25 && (ob.getX() > this.x - 30 && ob.getX() < this.x + 25))
{
onObstacle = true;
}
//判断是否跳起来顶到砖块
if ((ob.getY() >= this.y - 30 && ob.getY() <= this.y - 20) && (ob.getX() > this.x - 30 && ob.getX() < this.x + 25))
{
if (ob.getType() == 0)
{
backGround.getObstacleList()
.remove(ob);
score += 1;
}
upTime = 0;
}
//判断是否可以往右走
if (ob.getX() == this.x + 25 && (ob.getY() > this.y - 30 && ob.getY() < this.y + 25))
{
canRight = false;
}
//判断是否可以往左走
if (ob.getX() == this.x - 30 && (ob.getY() > this.y - 30 && ob.getY() < this.y + 25))
{
canLeft = false;
}
}
//判断马里奥是否碰到敌人死亡或者踩死蘑菇敌人
for (int i = 0; i < backGround.getEnemyList()
.size(); i++)
{
Enemy e = backGround.getEnemyList()
.get(i);
if (e.getY() == this.y + 20 && (e.getX() - 25 <= this.x && e.getX() + 35 >= this.x))
{
if (e.getType() == 1)
{
e.death();
score += 2;
upTime = 3;
ySpeed = -10;
}
else if (e.getType() == 2)
{
//马里奥死亡
death();
}
}
if ((e.getX() + 35 > this.x && e.getX() - 25 < this.x) && (e.getY() + 35 > this.y && e.getY() - 20 < this.y))
{
//马里奥死亡
death();
}
}
//进行马里奥跳跃的操作
if (onObstacle && upTime == 0)
{
if (status.indexOf("left") != -1)
{
if (xSpeed != 0)
{
status = "move--left";
}
else
{
status = "stop--left";
}
}
else
{
if (xSpeed != 0)
{
status = "move--right";
}
else
{
status = "stop--right";
}
}
}
else
{
if (upTime != 0)
{
upTime--;
}
else
{
fall();
}
y += ySpeed;
}
}
if ((canLeft && xSpeed < 0) || (canRight && xSpeed > 0))
{
x += xSpeed;
//判断马里奥是否到了最左边
if (x < 0)
{
x = 0;
}
}
//判断当前是否是移动状态
if (status.contains("move"))
{
index = index == 0 ? 1 : 0;
}
//判断是否向左移动
if ("move--left".equals(status))
{
show = StaticValue.run_L.get(index);
}
//判断是否向右移动
if ("move--right".equals(status))
{
show = StaticValue.run_R.get(index);
}
//判断是否向左停止
if ("stop--left".equals(status))
{
show = StaticValue.stand_L;
}
//判断是否向右停止
if ("stop--right".equals(status))
{
show = StaticValue.stand_R;
}
//判断是否向左跳跃
if ("jump--left".equals(status))
{
show = StaticValue.jump_L;
}
//判断是否向右跳跃
if ("jump--right".equals(status))
{
show = StaticValue.jump_R;
}
try
{
Thread.sleep(50);
}
catch (InterruptedException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public int getX()
{
return x;
}
public void setX(int x)
{
this.x = x;
}
public int getY()
{
return y;
}
public void setY(int y)
{
this.y = y;
}
public BufferedImage getShow()
{
return show;
}
public void setShow(BufferedImage show)
{
this.show = show;
}
public void setBackGround(BackGround backGround)
{
this.backGround = backGround;
}
public boolean isOK()
{
return isOK;
}
public boolean isDeath()
{
return isDeath;
}
public int getScore()
{
return score;
}
}小怪
public class Enemy implements Runnable
{
//存储当前坐标
private int x;
private int y;
//存储敌人类型
private int type;
//判断敌人运动的方向
private boolean face_to = true;
//用于显示敌人的当前图像
private BufferedImage show;
//定义一个背景对象
private BackGround bg;
//食人花运动的极限范围
private int max_up = 0;
private int max_down = 0;
//定义线程对象
private Thread thread = new Thread(this);
//定义当前的图片的状态
private int image_type = 0;
//蘑菇敌人的构造函数
public Enemy(int x, int y, boolean face_to, int type, BackGround bg)
{
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.face_to = face_to;
this.type = type;
this.bg = bg;
show = StaticValue.mogu.get(0);
thread.start();
}
//食人花敌人的构造函数
public Enemy(int x, int y, boolean face_to, int type, int max_up, int max_down, BackGround bg)
{
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.face_to = face_to;
this.type = type;
this.max_up = max_up;
this.max_down = max_down;
this.bg = bg;
show = StaticValue.flower.get(0);
thread.start();
}
//死亡方法
public void death()
{
show = StaticValue.mogu.get(2);
this.bg.getEnemyList()
.remove(this);
}
public int getX()
{
return x;
}
public int getY()
{
return y;
}
public BufferedImage getShow()
{
return show;
}
public int getType()
{
return type;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
while (true)
{
//判断是否是蘑菇敌人
if (type == 1)
{
if (face_to)
{
this.x -= 2;
}
else
{
this.x += 2;
}
image_type = image_type == 1 ? 0 : 1;
show = StaticValue.mogu.get(image_type);
}
//定义两个布尔变量
boolean canLeft = true;
boolean canRight = true;
for (int i = 0; i < bg.getObstacleList()
.size(); i++)
{
Obstacle ob1 = bg.getObstacleList()
.get(i);
//判断是否可以右走
if (ob1.getX() == this.x + 36 && (ob1.getY() + 65 > this.y && ob1.getY() - 35 < this.y))
{
canRight = false;
}
//判断是否可以左走
if (ob1.getX() == this.x - 36 && (ob1.getY() + 65 > this.y && ob1.getY() - 35 < this.y))
{
canLeft = false;
}
}
if (face_to && !canLeft || this.x == 0)
{
face_to = false;
}
else if ((!face_to) && (!canRight) || this.x == 764)
{
face_to = true;
}
//判断是否是食人花敌人
if (type == 2)
{
if (face_to)
{
this.y -= 2;
}
else
{
this.y += 2;
}
image_type = image_type == 1 ? 0 : 1;
//食人花是否到达极限位置
if (face_to && (this.y == max_up))
{
face_to = false;
}
if ((!face_to) && (this.y == max_down))
{
face_to = true;
}
show = StaticValue.flower.get(image_type);
}
try
{
Thread.sleep(50);
}
catch (InterruptedException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}这样我们就完成了超级玛丽的相关实操，作为java初学者，我们可以拿这个项目去练手，提高自己的思维逻辑能力，将一个完整的代码写出来!最后大家如果想要了解更多java实例知识，敬请关注奇Q工具网。
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